Online – Coffee or Tea with P2P

April 18 @ 10:00 am 10:30 am PDT

Please register to attend

Coffee & Tea with P2P – This drop-in support group is for parents and caregivers seeking support to navigate the various emotions and life adjustments of raising a child, youth, and adult with a disability. This parent group helps connect families to Pierce County community resources, fosters relationships with other parents, and builds a support network for parents feeling isolated. This group meets in-person monthly on the 1st Friday from 10-11am PT.

Highlights:

  • Open Discussions: During the meetings, parents engage in open and honest discussions about various aspects of parenting children with disabilities. Topics might include navigating the healthcare system, accessing educational resources, managing daily routines, promoting social interactions, and self-care for parents.
  • Shared Experiences: Parents/caregivers share their personal experiences, challenges, and strategies they have found effective in raising children with disabilities.
  • Cultural and Language Sensitivity: Efforts are made to ensure that the group is culturally sensitive and inclusive, respecting the diverse backgrounds and needs of all participants.

Please register to attend

Free

Online – Coffee or Tea with P2P

March 7 @ 10:00 am 10:30 am PST

Please register to attend

Coffee & Tea with P2P – This drop-in support group is for parents and caregivers seeking support to navigate the various emotions and life adjustments of raising a child, youth, and adult with a disability. This parent group helps connect families to Pierce County community resources, fosters relationships with other parents, and builds a support network for parents feeling isolated. This group meets in-person monthly on the 1st Friday from 10-11am PT.

Highlights:

  • Open Discussions: During the meetings, parents engage in open and honest discussions about various aspects of parenting children with disabilities. Topics might include navigating the healthcare system, accessing educational resources, managing daily routines, promoting social interactions, and self-care for parents.
  • Shared Experiences: Parents/caregivers share their personal experiences, challenges, and strategies they have found effective in raising children with disabilities.
  • Cultural and Language Sensitivity: Efforts are made to ensure that the group is culturally sensitive and inclusive, respecting the diverse backgrounds and needs of all participants.

Please register to attend

Free

Online – P2P Lunch & Learn: Empowering Entrepreneurs

April 1 @ 12:00 pm 1:00 pm PDT

REGISTER Do you dream of being a business owner? Join us for an hour as we welcome Jim Ciaciuch, owner of Couple of Socks. Hear Jim’s journey to becoming an entrepreneur and doing good in our community. REGISTER

Free

Online P2P Lunch & Learn Washington State Fathers Network

April 2 @ 12:00 pm 1:00 pm PDT

REGISTER – Join us for an engaging discussion about parenting, support, and building connections together as we welcome Matthew Rickmon, Director of The Washington State Fathers Network. REGISTER

Free

Online – P2P Lunch & Learn: Lifespan Respite and Summer Camps and Recreation

February 25 @ 12:00 pm 1:00 pm PST

REGISTER

Join us for an hour to learn about an amazing opportunity for families. Lifespan Respite is offering FREE Family Camp Respite Retreats. For individuals with an intellectual or developmental disability and their families.

REGISTER

Free

Online – Awesome Autism Parent Support Group

March 13 @ 12:00 pm 1:00 pm PDT

Register to Join!

Awesome Autism Parent Support Group – The Awesome Autism Parent Support Group is a community dedicated to providing a nurturing and empowering environment for parents and caregivers of children with autism. The primary goal is to offer emotional support, share resources, exchange experiences, and promote a sense of unity among parents, individuals, and families raising and child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The group meets online on the 2nd Thursday of the month from 12-1 pm PT.

Highlights:

  • Inclusive and Welcoming Environment: The support group is a safe space where all parents, regardless of their background or experiences, are welcomed and embraced.
  • Information Sharing: Valuable information about autism, including the latest research, therapeutic interventions, educational strategies, and community resources, is shared within the group.
  • Guest Speakers and Workshops: The support group might invite guest speakers, such as autism experts, therapists, educators, and medical professionals, to provide insights and guidance on various topics related to autism and parenting.
  • Emotional Support: The support group offers a platform for parents to express their feelings, frustrations, and joys without judgment.

Registration is required to get access to the Zoom link.

Free

Online – Community Connections Birth – 5 Info Series

February 19 @ 12:00 pm 1:00 pm PST

Register to Join

Join us for an informative series designed to equip early intervention advocates with the tools, insights, and strategies needed to make a lasting impact. Whether you’re new professional to the field or a parent looking to enhance your advocacy skills, this series will provide valuable information on programs, services, and how to effectively support children and families in need of early intervention services.

Date: 2/5/25
Topic: Pierce County ESIT & ICC
Time: 12:00 – 1:00PM

Date: 2/19/25
Topic: DDA
Time: 2:00 – 3:30PM

Date: 2/26/25
Topic: PAVE PTI/P2P 0-3 Toolkit
Time: 12:00 – 1:00PM

Date: 3/5/25
Topic: PAVE PTI/P2P 3-5 Toolkit
Time: 12:00 – 1:00PM

Date: 3/12/25
Topic: PAVE P2P Early Intervention
Advocates Workshop
Time: 12:00 – 1:30PM

Register to Join

Free

Online- Helping Parent Volunteer Training

March 11 @ 12:00 pm 1:30 pm PDT

Register to join

What Will I Learn?

  • Emotional Support Strategies
  • Emotional Responses
  • Self-Care Strategies
  • The Match Process
  • Empowerment
  • Communication & Active Listening
  • Volunteer Expectations
  • Ways to volunteer
  • PAVE Programs
  • Local Resources

Pierce County Parent to Parent partners with The ARC of Washington and Pierce County community connections to provide support, information, and education for parents of children with disabilities and special healthcare needs.

This is the required training to become a 1:1 helping parent volunteer and support other parents who have just learned their child has a condition or need support for any reason.

Helping Parent Volunteers and staff assist families in coping with many challenging experiences and feelings.

Register to Join

Free

Online – Black / African American Family Support Group

February 25 @ 6:00 pm 7:00 pm PST

Register to join

Provides a safe, validating, and empowering space for parents, caregivers, and families of African descent so they can find understanding, strength, and resources to navigate their unique and often challenging and isolating journey of raising Black/African American children or family member with a disability.

This group supports:
Open discussions,
Shared experiences and cultural and language sensitivity.

Meets virtually on the 2nd and 4th Tuesday of the month.

Register to join

Free

Online – Coffee or Tea with P2P

March 7 @ 10:00 am 10:30 am PST

Please register to attend

Coffee & Tea with P2P – This support group is for parents and caregivers seeking support to navigate the various emotions and life adjustments of raising a child, youth, and adult with a disability. This parent group helps connect families to Pierce County community resources, fosters relationships with other parents, and builds a support network for parents feeling isolated. This group meets in-person monthly on the 1st Friday from 10-11am PT.

Highlights:

  • Open Discussions: During the meetings, parents engage in open and honest discussions about various aspects of parenting children with disabilities. Topics might include navigating the healthcare system, accessing educational resources, managing daily routines, promoting social interactions, and self-care for parents.
  • Shared Experiences: Parents/caregivers share their personal experiences, challenges, and strategies they have found effective in raising children with disabilities.
  • Cultural and Language Sensitivity: Efforts are made to ensure that the group is culturally sensitive and inclusive, respecting the diverse backgrounds and needs of all participants.

Please register to attend

Free

Virtual Workshop – Special Education with a focus on Military Families Fort Jackson

February 19 @ 7:00 am 9:00 am PST

Register to join!

When You Attend a STOMP Workshop You Learn …

Empower yourself with knowledge of educational rights, support services, and access to TRICARE, ECHO, and ABA programs.
Connect with local resources and a supportive community network to share ideas and solutions with other parents and professionals.

Based on Eastern Standard Time:
10:00 am – 12:00 pm ET
February 5: Pathways to Military Medical & Medicaid Benefits for Exceptional Families
February 12: Demystifying Key Components of an IEP
February 19: Dispute Resolution: Orders and Chain of Command for Resolving Conflicts
February 26: Sound the Cadence: Raising Voices in Advocacy

Register to join!

Free

Online – P2P Caregiver Connection

March 1 @ 8:00 am 9:00 am PST

This group meets virtually on the 1st Saturday of the month and Quarterly in person! Register to join us!

PAVES Pierce “Parent 2 Parent Support Groups” offers a nurturing space for caregivers to connect, share experiences, and find guidance. Parents come together to discuss challenges, celebrate successes, and exchange practical strategies in raising children with disabilities. Through mutual understanding and empathy, this group provides emotional support, valuable resources, and a sense of community, helping families navigate the unique journey of caring for their exceptional children with care and strength.

The P2P Caregiver Connection is dedicated for childcare providers, teachers, paraeducators/caregivers who support young children with disabilities and their families.

Please note that all parent support groups supply the following:

  • An intentional space for parents to find others who share their life experiences.
  • Facilitated meetings/gatherings focused on several topics that reflect the parent’s/caregiver’s perspective and needs on raising children/youth/adults with disabilities.
  • Information and resources on PAVE programs, services, and upcoming events.
  • Live parent-to-parent emotional support

*Additionally, support groups specific to a cultural and linguistic community (Native, Spanish-speaking, and Black & African American families) will be supported by a PAVE facilitator that is a cultural/linguistic match for the families served. 

This group meets virtually on the 1st Saturday of the month and Quarterly in person! Register to join us!

Free

Online – P2P Caregiver Connection

February 1 @ 8:00 am 9:00 am PST

Register to join!

PAVES Pierce “Parent 2 Parent Support Groups” offers a nurturing space for caregivers to connect, share experiences, and find guidance. Parents come together to discuss challenges, celebrate successes, and exchange practical strategies in raising children with disabilities. Through mutual understanding and empathy, this group provides emotional support, valuable resources, and a sense of community, helping families navigate the unique journey of caring for their exceptional children with care and strength.

The P2P Caregiver Connection is dedicated for childcare providers, teachers, paraeducators/caregivers who support young children with disabilities and their families.

Please note that all parent support groups supply the following:

  • An intentional space for parents to find others who share their life experiences.
  • Facilitated meetings/gatherings focused on several topics that reflect the parent’s/caregiver’s perspective and needs on raising children/youth/adults with disabilities.
  • Information and resources on PAVE programs, services, and upcoming events.
  • Live parent-to-parent emotional support

*Additionally, support groups specific to a cultural and linguistic community (Native, Spanish-speaking, and Black & African American families) will be supported by a PAVE facilitator that is a cultural/linguistic match for the families served. 

Register to join!

Free

Early Intervention: How to Access Services for Children Birth to 3 in Washington

New parents often worry about their child’s growth and development, especially when comparing with other children. Early intervention can be crucial for children with developmental delays or disabilities. In Washington, families can connect with a Family Resource Coordinator (FRC) for guidance and access free developmental screenings. The Department of Children, Youth and Families (DCYF) offers services through Early Support for Infants and Toddlers (ESIT), providing evaluations and individualized plans (IFSP) to support eligible children from birth to age three. These services, protected under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), are typically free and aim to help children thrive in various settings. 

A Brief Overview

  • PAVE provides downloadable toolkits specifically designed for parents and families of young children, including From Birth to Three Toolkit and Transition Toolkit for Ages 3-5
  • Families concerned about a child’s development can call the Family Health Hotline at 1-800-322-2588, with support in multiple languages. Parents can complete a free developmental screening online at Parent Help 123. 
  • Washington’s Department of Children, Youth and Families (DCYF) administers family-focused services for eligible children from birth to age 3 through Early Support for Infants and Toddlers (ESIT). 
  • The Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP), funded by Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, is a whole family plan developed with input from caregivers and professionals. It includes goals, services, and progress monitoring, and is reviewed regularly. 
  • To qualify, a parent must provide written permission for ESIT to conduct an early intervention evaluation of their child. If the evaluation results indicate that the child has a developmental delay or disability, ESIT will develop an IFSP. PAVE provides a Next Steps Checklist: When Your Child is Found Eligible for Early Intervention Services (EIS)
  • Early intervention services (EIS) are designed to meet the child’s individual needs, including various therapies and support services. Services are typically provided in the child’s home or other natural environments. 
  • Various dispute resolution options are available, including mediation and due process. Parents can contact their ESIT Family Resource Coordinator (FRC) if they have concerns or disagreements. 
  • Most early intervention services are provided at no cost to families. Some services may be billed to insurance with family consent, but certain services are always free under IDEA. 
  • Active-duty servicemembers whose dependents receive EIS must enroll in the Exceptional Family Member Program (EFMP) for their branch, or the Coast Guard’s Special Needs Program (SNP).  

Introduction 

New parents may struggle to know whether their child’s growth and development are on track. They may have a feeling that a milestone is missed, or they may observe siblings or other children learning and developing differently. Sometimes a parent just needs reassurance. Other times, a child has a developmental delay or a disability. In those cases, early interventions can be critical to a child’s lifelong learning. 

Seek guidance from a Family Resource Coordinator (FRC) 

Washington families concerned about a young child’s development can call the Family Health Hotline at 1-800-322-2588 (TTY 1.800.833.6384) to connect with a Family Resource Coordinator (FRC). Support is provided in English, Spanish and other languages. Families can access developmental screening online for free at HelpMeGrow Washington

Several state agencies collaborated to publish Early Learning and Development Guidelines. The booklet includes information about what children can do and learn at different stages of development, focused on birth through third grade. Families can purchase a hard copy of the guidelines from the State Department of Enterprise Services. A free downloadable version is available in English, Spanish, and Somali from DCYF’s Publication Library. Search by title: Washington State Early Learning and Development Guidelines, or publication number: EL_0015. 

Washington early intervention services are provided by ESIT 

In Washington, the Department of Children, Youth and Families (DCYF) administers services for eligible children from birth to age 3 through Early Support for Infants and Toddlers (ESIT). Families can contact ESIT directly, or they can reach out to their local school district to request an evaluation to determine eligibility and consider what support a child might need. The ESIT website includes videos to guide family caregivers and a collection of Parent Rights and Leadership resources, with multiple language options. 

Early intervention services (EIS) are provided in the child’s “natural environment,” which includes home and community settings where children would be participating if they did not have a disability. According to ESIT, “Early intervention services are designed to enable children birth to 3 with developmental delays or disabilities to be active and successful during the early childhood years and in the future in a variety of settings—in their homes, in childcare, in preschool or school programs, and in their communities.” 

Early services are delivered through an IFSP 

Children who qualify receive services through an Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP). The right to an IFSP is protected by Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). The IDEA is a federal grant program that provides funding for states to implement early learning and special education programs. Part B of the IDEA protects an eligible school-age student’s right to an Individualized Education Program (IEP). Part A includes general guidance about the educational rights of children 0-22. 

Family caregivers, childcare professionals, teachers, or anyone else can refer a child for an early learning evaluation if there is reason to suspect that a disability or developmental delay may be impacting the child’s growth and progress. The school district’s duty to seek out, evaluate and potentially serve infants, toddlers or school-aged students with known or suspected disabilities is guaranteed through the IDEA’s Child Find Mandate

First Step: Evaluate to determine eligibility 

Early intervention is intended for infants and toddlers who have a developmental delay or disability. Eligibility is determined by evaluating the child (with parental consent) to see if the little one does, in fact, have a delay in development or a disability. Eligible children can receive early intervention services from birth to the third birthday. PAVE provides an article that describes What Happens During an Early Intervention Evaluation, and a checklist for When Your Child is Found Eligible for Early Intervention Services (EIS)

Next Step: Develop a service plan 

If an infant or toddler is eligible, early intervention services are designed to meet the child’s individual needs. Options might include, but are not limited to:   

  • Assistive technology (devices a child might need) 
  • Audiology or hearing services 
  • Speech and language services 
  • Counseling and training for a family 
  • Medical services 
  • Nursing services 
  • Nutrition services 
  • Occupational therapy 
  • Physical therapy 
  • Psychological services 

Services are typically provided in the child’s home or other natural environment, such as daycare. They also can be offered in a medical hospital, a clinic, a school, or another community space.  

Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP): What is the plan? 

The IFSP is a whole family plan, with the child’s primary caregivers as major contributors to its development and implementation. Parents/custodial caregivers must provide written consent for services to begin. In Washington, Family Resource Coordinators (FRCs) help write the IFSP. Team members may include medical professionals, therapists, child development specialists, social workers, and others with knowledge of the child and recommendations to contribute.  

The IFSP includes goals, and progress is monitored to determine whether the plan is supporting appropriate outcomes. The plan is reviewed every six months and is updated at least once a year but can be reviewed at any time by request of parents or other team members. The IFSP includes: 

  • The child’s current developmental levels and needs in physical, cognitive, communication, social/emotional, and adaptive areas 
  • Family information: resources, priorities, and concerns of parents/caregivers. 
  • Major results/outcomes expected from the child and family 
  • Specific services: 
  • Where services are provided—any services provided outside the child’s “natural environment” of home/daycare/community require a statement explaining the rationale for the placement 
  • When the child receives services—the number of days or sessions for each service, and how long each session will last 
  • Who pays for the services 
  • Name and contact information for the Family Resource coordinator (FRC) responsible for IFSP implementation 
  • Steps to begin at age 2.5 to support the child’s transition out of early intervention and perhaps into school-based services. 
  • If relevant, additional services or information for the family—such as financial guidance or parenting support 

PAVE provides a downloadable checklist to help parents familiarize themselves with the IFSP.  

Dispute resolution options are available 

If parents have a concern or disagree with any part of the early intervention process, they can contact their Family Resource Coordinator (FRC). If issues remain unresolved, families may choose from a range of dispute resolution options that include mediation, due process, and more. ESIT provides access to a downloadable parent rights brochure with information about dispute resolution options in multiple languages. 

Most services are free to families 

Washington State provides most early intervention services at no cost to families of eligible children. Some services covered by insurance are billed to a child’s health insurance provider, with the signed consent of a family caregiver. The early intervention system may not use health care insurance (private or public) without express, written consent. 

Part C of the IDEA requires states to provide the following services at no cost to families: Child Find (outreach and evaluation), assessments, IFSP development and review, and service coordination. 

Early intervention services for military families 

Military-connected infants and toddlers receiving early intervention services must be enrolled in the Exceptional Family Member Program (EFMP) while their servicemember is on active-duty orders. The Exceptional Family Member Program (EFMP) is a mandatory program for all branches of the U.S. Armed Forces that helps military dependents with special medical or educational needs. The Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Space Force each have an EFMP and the Coast Guard, which operates under the authority of the Department of Homeland Security, has a similar program called the Special Needs Program (SNP). 

The Early Childhood Technical Assistance Center (ECTA), funded by the U.S. Department of Education’s Office of Special Education (OSEP), builds state and local capacity to improve outcomes for young children with disabilities and their families. Military-connected families and others relocating or living outside of Washington State can contact the early intervention services program in their new state with the help of ECTA’s Early Childhood Contacts by State directory

Military families moving from or to installations that have Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA) schools will receive their early intervention services from Educational and Developmental Intervention Services (EDIS). Referrals may come to EDIS from any military medical provider or the parents. Upon receipt of a referral to EDIS, an initial service coordinator is assigned to contact and assist the Family. The initial service coordinator gathers information to understand the family’s concern, shares information about early intervention, and makes arrangements to proceed with the process. In EDIS, any member of the early intervention team can serve as an initial service coordinator. EDIS is provided in locations where DoDEA is responsible for educational services, including some installations on the eastern side of the United States.  

Learn More 

PAVE provides downloadable toolkits specifically designed for parents and families of young children: 

  • From Birth to Three Toolkit: This toolkit provides places to begin if caregivers suspect that a baby or young child may need services due to a developmental delay or disability. 
  • Transition Toolkit for Ages 3-5: This toolkit encompasses a collection of our informative articles, complemented by sample letters to provide you with a solid foundation as you navigate through this crucial transition period. 

For additional information: 

  • The Learn the Signs. Act Early. website provides tools for tracking milestones and materials for families to learn more and plan home-based activities that promote skill development. “Early intervention services can change a child’s developmental path and improve outcomes for children, families, and communities,” the CDC encourages. “Help your child, help your family! Families benefit from early intervention by being able to better meet their children’s needs from an early age and throughout their lives.” 
  • Check the PAVE calendar for trainings and events, including the Starting Strong webinar about how IDEA supports the rights of infants and toddlers with developmental delays or disabilities and their families. 

Procedural Safeguards: Student and Parent Rights in Special Education

A Brief Overview:

  • Procedural safeguards are a legal requirement for schools and must be provided to parents once a year and during specific situations (e.g., initial referral, filing a complaint, change in placement due to disciplinary action).
  • The Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction (OSPI) issued a statewide procedural safeguards notice, available for download in multiple languages, that outlines parental rights in special education.
  • The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) requires that each state education agency provide ways to solve disagreements between parents and schools regarding a student’s special education.  Procedural safeguards provide information on the formal and informal dispute resolution options available in Washington state.
  • Specific protections are in place when disciplining students with disabilities, including requirements for conducting manifestation determinations and continuing education services during extended removals.
  • Section 504 includes its own procedural safeguards to protect the rights of students with disabilities who are not eligible for special education under IDEA. The Section 504 Notice of Parent Rights is available for download in multiple languages from OSPI.

Full Article

The Procedural Safeguards are a written set of legal protections under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) designed to ensure that students with special needs receive appropriate education. IDEA, implemented under Washington State law, requires schools to provide the parents/guardians of a student who is eligible for or referred for special education with a notice containing a full explanation of the rights available to them (WAC 392-172A-05015). Understanding these safeguards allows for effective advocacy in a child’s education and ensures their rights are protected throughout the special education process. They do not constitute legal representation or legal advice.

A copy of the procedural safeguards notice is downloadable in multiple languages from the Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction (OSPI). School districts must provide this notice once a year and during key times such as:

In addition to detailing when the procedural safeguards notice must be provided, the procedural safeguards contain information about several key areas, including:

Prior Written Notice

Schools must give prior written notice (PWN) before making any significant decisions about a student’s education, such as changes in identification, evaluation, or placement. This notice must include a detailed explanation of the decision and the reasons behind it. This document is shared after a decision is made and prior to changes in a student’s educational program.

Parental Consent

Schools must get written parental consent (permission) before conducting an initial evaluation or providing special education services for the first time. Parents can withdraw their consent at any time, but this doesn’t undo actions already taken. Once consent is given, the school has 35 school days to complete the evaluation. This consent is only for the evaluation, not for starting services. If the child is a ward of the state, consent might not be needed under certain conditions. When starting special education services under the initial IEP, the school must get consent again, and if refused, they can’t force it through mediation or legal action. Consent is also needed for reevaluations involving new tests, and schools must document their attempts to get it. However, consent isn’t needed to review existing data or give standard tests that all students take.

Independent Educational Evaluation

If a parent disagrees with the school’s evaluation of their child, they can ask for an independent educational evaluation (IEE) that the school district will pay for. The district must give the parent information on where to get an IEE and the rules it must follow. If the district does not agree to the IEE, they have 15 calendar days to either start a file a due process hearing request or agree to pay for the IEE. PAVE provides a downloadable sample Letter to Request an Independent Educational Evaluation.

Confidentiality of Information

Student educational records are confidential. IDEA provides parents and guardians the right to inspect and review their student’s educational records and request amendments if they believe they are inaccurate or misleading. When the child turns 18 years of age, these rights pass from the parent or guardian to the student. The Department of Education provides a website page called Protecting Student Privacy to share resources and technical assistance on topics related to the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). The procedural safeguards explain terms about educational records from IDEA and FERPA to help parents understand their rights and protections.

Dispute Resolution

IDEA requires that each state education agency provide ways to solve disagreements between parents and schools regarding a student’s Individualized Education Program (IEP). In Washington State, there are both informal and formal options. When parents and school districts are unable to work through disagreements, the procedural safeguards outline the dispute resolution processes available. These options ensure that parents and schools can work towards a mutually agreeable solution while protecting the child’s right to a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE).  The formal dispute resolution options available through OSPI are mediation, due process hearings, and state complaints.

Disciplinary Protections

When disciplining students eligible for special education, schools must follow specific rules to ensure fair treatment. If a student is removed for more than 10 consecutive school days or shows a pattern of removals totaling over 10 days in a school year, it’s considered a change of placement, and parents must be notified. After 10 days, the school must provide services to help the student continue their education. A manifestation determination must be conducted within 10 days to see if the behavior was related to the student’s disability. If it was, the IEP team must address the behavior and return the student to their original placement unless agreed otherwise. If not, the student can be disciplined like other students but must still receive educational services.

Also, schools must keep providing educational services to students with disabilities even if they are removed from their current school setting for disciplinary reasons. This helps the student keep making progress in their education. Parents and guardians have the right to join meetings about their child’s disciplinary actions and can ask for a due process hearing if they disagree with decisions. These safeguards ensure students with disabilities receive necessary support and fair treatment during disciplinary actions.

In special cases, such as carrying a weapon or using drugs at school, the student can be placed in an alternative setting for up to 45 days regardless of whether the behavior was related to the student’s disability.

Protections for Students Not Yet Eligible for Special Education

The procedural safeguards outline protections for students who have not yet been found eligible for special education but for whom the school should have known needed services. A school is considered to have this knowledge if a parent previously expressed concerns in writing, requested an evaluation, or if staff raised concerns about the student’s behavior to supervisory personnel. However, if the parent refused an evaluation or the child was evaluated and found ineligible, the school is not considered to have knowledge. In these cases, the student may be disciplined like other students, but if an evaluation is requested during this period, it must be expedited. If the student is found eligible, special education services must be provided.

Requirements for Placement in Private Schools

If parents believe the public school cannot provide FAPE and choose to place their child in a private school, there are steps to request reimbursement from the district. If the child previously received special education services, a court or administrative law judge (ALJ) may require the district to reimburse the cost of private school enrollment if it is determined that the district did not timely provide FAPE and that the private placement is appropriate, even if it does not meet state educational standards.

Reimbursement may be reduced or denied if the parent did not inform the IEP team of their rejection of the proposed placement during the most recent IEP meeting, failed to provide written notice to the district at least 10 business days before the removal, or did not make the child available for a district evaluation after prior written notice. However, reimbursement cannot be denied if the district prevented the notice or if the parent was unaware of their responsibility to provide it. The court or ALJ may also choose not to reduce reimbursement if the parents are not able to read or write in English, or if reducing or denying the reimbursement would cause serious emotional harm to the child.

This PAVE article, Navigating Special Education in Private School, explains the rights of students to receive equitable services in private schools, regardless of whether they are placed there by their parents or through an Individualized Education Program (IEP) decision.

Procedural Safeguards under Section 504

The procedural safeguards under Section 504 ensure that parents are informed of their rights before any evaluation or development of a 504 plan begins. These safeguards include the right to request a referral for evaluation, the formation of a 504 team to assess the student’s needs, and the requirement for parental consent before any evaluation or implementation of the plan. Parents must be provided with a copy of their rights at key points in the process. Additionally, the school must review and evaluate the 504 plan annually and re-evaluate the student’s eligibility at least every three years. Parents also have the right to file formal complaints if they believe the school is not following the 504 plan or if their child is experiencing discrimination or harassment. The Section 504 Notice of Parent Rights is available for download in multiple languages from OSPI.

Conclusion

Procedural safeguards are a requirement under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) that ensure the rights of students with disabilities and their parents are protected throughout the special education process. By outlining the legal protections available, these safeguards empower parents to actively participate in their child’s educational planning and decision-making. Understanding these rights—from prior written notice and parental consent to confidentiality and dispute resolution—allows families to advocate effectively and collaborate with schools. Through adherence to these safeguards, schools and parents can work together to provide a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) tailored to the unique needs of each child.

Additional Resources:

  • OSPI’s Special Education webpage includes information about data collection, dispute resolution, funding information, guidance for families, legal procedures, program improvement initiatives, resource libraries, and support for secondary transition services.
  • Special Education Parent & Community Liaison provides non-legal support by phone (360-725-6075) or through an online message portal, Ask OSPI web page.
  • PAVE provides direct support to parents and guardians, youth with disabilities, adult self-advocates, and professionals. Complete the Get Help request form to be connected with individualized information, resources, and training.